| Introduction | Paraphrase: sơ đồ minh hoạ quy trình sản xuất nước có ga. |
| Overview | Linear, man-made, 5 phase — bắt đầu bằng làm sạch nước, kết thúc bằng đóng gói giao đi. |
| Body 1 | Stage 1 + 2: lọc, làm mềm, bơm, đun, làm nguội, nạp CO₂. |
| Body 2 | Stage 3 + 4 + 5: trộn màu/siro/hương, lọc, chiết chai/lon, đóng thùng, chở tới siêu thị. |
The given diagram illustrates the manufacture of carbonated drinks.
Overall, this linear, man-made process consists of five major phases, commencing with water cleaning and culminating in packaging for delivery to retailers.
In terms of the first two stages, raw water is initially passed through a filter and then a water softener, where chemicals are added in order to remove any remaining impurities. Following this, the purified water is pumped into a set of electric heaters. Once it has been heated, it travels along a cooling pipe into a large tank, at which point carbon dioxide is injected to produce carbonated water.
Turning to the remaining phases, the carbonated water is transferred via a long pipe to a mixing tank, where it is combined with three ingredients, namely colouring, syrup and flavour. Having been thoroughly blended, the mixture is filtered once more before being poured into either plastic bottles or cans. In the final stage, the filled containers are packed into cardboard boxes, which are subsequently loaded onto lorries and dispatched to supermarkets.
| consists of five major phases | gồm năm giai đoạn chính |
| commencing with … culminating in | bắt đầu bằng … kết thúc bằng |
| in order to remove any remaining impurities | để loại bỏ tạp chất còn sót |
| at which point carbon dioxide is injected | lúc đó CO₂ được bơm vào |
| is combined with | được trộn với |
| before being poured into | trước khi được rót vào |
| dispatched to supermarkets | được chuyển tới siêu thị |