| Introduction | Paraphrase: chiều cao trung bình của nam giới trưởng thành ở USA, Netherlands, Sweden và Italy trong hai thế kỷ, 1775–1975. |
| Overview | Overall: nam giới cả bốn nước đều cao hơn vào cuối kỳ, gần như toàn bộ mức tăng diễn ra ở nửa sau giai đoạn; Netherlands từ áp chót lên cao nhất, USA mất vị trí dẫn đầu, Italy luôn thấp nhất. Không số liệu. |
| Body 1 | 1775: USA 172.9, Sweden 168.0, Netherlands 166.2, Italy 163.8. USA đi ngang tới 1825 rồi tụt còn 169.8 (1875), bị Sweden bắt kịp; Netherlands chạm đáy 164.3 (1825); Italy quanh 163. |
| Body 2 | Từ 1875 tất cả tăng: Netherlands vượt USA khoảng 1925 (cả hai gần 174), đạt 181.2 (cao hơn ban đầu đúng 15 cm); Sweden dẫn đầu từ 1900, chỉ bị Netherlands vượt sau 1950, về nhì với 179.4; USA 177.8; Italy 173.6, vẫn thấp hơn USA 4.2 cm. |
The line graph traces the average height of adult men in the USA, the Netherlands, Sweden and Italy between 1775 and 1975.
Overall, men in all four countries were taller by the end of the period, with nearly all the growth occurring in its second half. Dutch men went from second shortest to tallest, American men lost their early lead, and Italians remained the shortest throughout.
In 1775, American men (172.9 cm) were almost 5 cm taller than Swedes (168.0 cm), with the Dutch at 166.2 cm and Italians at 163.8 cm. After holding steady until 1825, however, the US figure fell back to 169.8 cm by 1875, when Sweden drew level with it. Dutch heights dipped to a low of 164.3 cm in 1825 before recovering, and the Italian figure hovered around 163 cm.
From 1875, all four lines climbed. The Netherlands saw the most rapid growth: it overtook the USA in about 1925, when both stood at just under 174 cm, and reached 181.2 cm in 1975, exactly 15 cm above its starting point. Sweden, the leader since 1900, was overtaken only after 1950 and finished at 179.4 cm, ahead of the USA at 177.8 cm. Italian men gained roughly 10 cm, yet at 173.6 cm they remained 4.2 cm shorter than Americans.
| lost their early lead | đánh mất vị trí dẫn đầu ban đầu |
| fell back to | tụt trở lại mức |
| drew level with | bắt kịp, ngang bằng với |
| dipped to a low of | chạm mức đáy là |
| hovered around | dao động quanh mức |
| saw the most rapid growth | có mức tăng nhanh nhất |